U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research. A Guide to Evaluating Crime Control of Programs in Public Housing. Washington, DC: Prepared for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development by KRA Corporation; 1997. pp.8.1-8.13.
Chapter 8
Reporting Your Findings
A program evaluation report is an important document. It integrates what you have learned from the evaluation of your initiative. There are different ways of reporting this information, depending on how you want to use the report and on your audience. A program evaluation report can do the following:
These uses suggest that there are various audiences for an evaluation report. These audiences can include staff and Public Housing Agency (PHA) administrators, current and potential funding sources, other PHAs, and local and national advocacy organizations.
Whatever the type of report you plan to develop, it is critical to include statistically nonsignificant analysis results as well as statistically significant ones, because there is as much to learn from program approaches or models that do not work and why you surmise that they don't work as there is from those approaches that do appear to work.
Nonsignificant results should not be thought of as failures. Efforts to change knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors through programmatic interventions are not always going to work. Currently, so little is known about what does and does not work that any information on violence prevention in public housing will greatly increase knowledge in the field.
Preparing an evaluation report for program funders
The report to program funders will probably be the most comprehensive one you prepare. Often funders will use your report to demonstrate the effectiveness of their grant initiatives and to support allocation of additional funds for similar program-related efforts. It is as important to your funding sources to show that your program is important and worthwhile (and a good use of their money) as it is for you to demonstrate that your program works. A report that is useful for this purpose will include detailed information about the program, the evaluation design and methods, and the types of data analyses conducted.
A sample outline of an evaluation report for program funders is shown on the following pages. The outline is developed as a final report and assumes all the information collected on your program has been analyzed. However, this outline may also be used for interim reports, with different sections completed at various times during the evaluation and feedback provided to program personnel on the ongoing status of the evaluation.
Sample Outline I. Introduction: General Description of the Initiative (approximately one page long)
1. Agency and staffing issues. 2. Residents' cultural backgrounds, socioeconomic status, literacy levels, and so forth. II. Evaluation of Implementation Objectives A. Description of implementation objectives (measurable objectives).
a. Planned collaborative arrangements. b. Services/interventions/training provided by collaborating agencies. B. Statement of evaluation questions (Were program implementation objectives attained? If not, why not? What were the barriers to and facilitators of attaining implementation objectives?). Examples:
C. Description of data collection methods and data collected for each evaluation question. 1. Description of data collected. 2. Description of methodology of data collection. 3. Description of data sources (such as documents, staff, residents, and collaborating agency staff). D. Description of data analysis procedures. E. Description of results of analysis. 1. Statement of findings with respect to each evaluation question. Examples:
2. Statement of issues that may have affected the evaluation's findings. Examples:
III. Evaluation of Outcome Objectives A. Description of outcome objectives (in measurable terms).
B. Statement of evaluation questions, evaluation design, and method for assessing change for each question. Examples:
C. Discussion of data collection methodologies for each evaluation question. 1. Discussion of data collected. 2. Discussion of methodology of data collection. Examples:
3. Data sources for each evaluation question, and sampling plans when relevant. D. Discussion of issues that affected the outcome evaluation and how they were addressed. 1. Program-related issues.
2. Evaluation-related issues.
E. Data analysis procedures.
F. Results of data analysis.
Examples:
G. Discussion of results.
IV. Integration of Process and Outcome Evaluation Information
Examples:
V. Recommendations to Program Administrators for Future Program and Evaluation Efforts |
Preparing an evaluation report for staff and PHA personnel
An evaluation report for staff and Public Housing Agency (PHA) personnel may be used to support management decisions about ongoing or future violence prevention efforts. This type of report may not need to include as much detail on the evaluation methodology but might focus instead on findings. The report could include the information noted in the sample outline of the final evaluation report, including information in sections II. E. (description of results of analysis of implementation information), III. D. (discussion of issues that affected the outcome evaluation and how they were addressed), III. F. (results of data analysis on outcome information), III. G. (discussion of results), and IV. C. (discussion of potential relationships between implementation and outcome evaluation results).
Final reports should be accompanied by an executive summary of one to five pages that summarizes the key evaluation methods and results, so that readers will not have to review all of the details of the report if they do not have the time.
Disseminating the results of your evaluation
In addition to producing formal evaluation reports, you may want to take advantage of other opportunities to share what you have learned with people in your community or with the field in general. You might want to consider drafting letters to community organizations that may be interested in the activities and results of your work. Other ways to let people know what you have done include the following:
Many of the materials listed in the resources section of this manual contain ideas and guidelines for producing different types of informational products related to evaluations.